On this day in the Civil War, Union General A. J. Smith is dispatched by General Sherman to stop the raids by Confederate General Nathan B. Forrest and his cavalry.

Nathan B. Forrest
(Photo Credit: Library of Congress)
On this day in the Civil War, Union General A. J. Smith is dispatched by General Sherman to stop the raids by Confederate General Nathan B. Forrest and his cavalry.

Nathan B. Forrest
(Photo Credit: Library of Congress)
On this day in the Civil War, for the fist time in U.S. history, Congress passes a national income tax bill.
The 3% income tax is applicable to incomes exceeding $800 per year.

On this day in the Civil War, Confederate president Jefferson Davis attempts to rally Southern hopes by stating that the south has no choice but, “Victory or subjugation, slavery and utter ruin of yourselves, your families, and your country.”

Jefferson Davis
(Photo Credit: Library of Congress)
On this day in the Civil War, President Lincoln promotes Ulysses S. Grant to General of volunteers.

Statue of Ulysses S. Grant
U.S. Capitol
On this day in the Civil War, Federal sappers detonate an explosion under Confederate earthworks at Petersburg. The explosion causes a crater 30 feet deep and kills almost 300 Confederate soldiers.
Union troops advance into the crater, but are repulsed with heavy losses. The attack ends as a failure for the Union army.

The Crater at Petersburg Battlefield